In this report, Dr Collin Koh, Research Fellow at the Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, analyses the effectiveness of three major multilateral CSBMs in the region: the Guidelines for Air Military Encounters (GAME), the proposed Code of Conduct in the South China Sea (CoC), and the Code on Unplanned Encounters at Sea (CUES). He proposes recommendations on how to apply lessons learned from these CSBMs to the South China Sea – a region that many experts have identified as a major geopolitical flashpoint given the territorial disputes involving China and ASEAN member states.
